September 21, 2006 · Posted in: Media

License to libel

LIBEL cases are becoming greater threats to journalists in the hands of First Gentleman Jose Miguel Arroyo, says lawyer Theodore Te of the Free Legal Assistance Group. Arroyo has studied the art of filing libel, because there is a “calculating aspect” on how he uses the loopholes in provisions on libel to make his suits more potent, according to Te.

Earlier libel cases filed by Arroyo singled out columnists such as Malaya‘s Lito Banayo and inq7.net‘s William Esposo. Now, he includes newspaper editors and publishers in his suits. This is a divisive tactic, as the defense of publishers consists of passing on the blame, according to Te.

LIBEL BY THE NUMBERS
P141 million
Total damages sought by Arroyo
Over P1.2 million
Total spent in filing for damages
43
Number of journalists whom Arroyo has charged with libel

Since 2003, Arroyo has filed a flurry of libel cases against 43 journalists, according to the National Union of Journalists in the Philippines (NUJP).

This may result in a chilling effect on writers, editors, and publishers, who may think twice before writing and publishing articles criticizing Arroyo, lest they be sued for libel.

Under the public figure doctrine in New York Times vs. Sullivan, “honest criticism of the conduct of public officials and public figures are insulated from libel,” says Te. Arroyo is obviously a public figure, as he is associated with numerous charities, and many of his actions fall within the realm of public interest.

The definition of libel is less strict when it comes to public figures, because a public figure must prove that a statement contained actual malice in order to file a libel case. For private individuals, the presumption of malice provides enough legal basis upon which to file a libel suit.

Establishing malice is key to determining whether or not a statement is libelous. Arroyo has filed libel suits against journalists and politicians who have called him fat and a “chief cheater” during elections, questioned his charities and bank accounts, and alleged that his family has undeclared assets.

The NUJP plans to draft a paper stating the united response of journalists to the libel cases that Arroyo has filed. It also hopes to exert pressure on Congress in order to decriminalize libel. Under the Revised Penal Code, a journalist convicted of one count of libel could serve up to six years and one day behind bars, without probation.

24 Responses to License to libel

Avatar

jr_lad

September 21st, 2006 at 8:46 pm

barya lang naman pala ang nagagastos ni jose pidal sa pang-iintimidate at pangbubusal sa mga taong tagasiwalat ng mga katiwalian neto. why not di ba? hindi man lang makabawas sa limpak-limpak na pera ni jp yan.

dapat siguro ang ipairal sa mga korte natin ay katulad ng sa englatira na kung sino ang matalo sa kaso ay siyang magbabayad sa lahat ng nagastos sa paglilitis ng kaso. para hindi sampa na lang ng sampa ng kaso ang mga tao lalo na sa mga libel cases. para naman yung mga not guilty parties ay merong mapagbabawian ng mga nagastos nila sa bandang huli.

Avatar

johnmarzan

September 21st, 2006 at 10:20 pm

magastos ito para sa mga journalists at publishers.

mas mabuti wag na lang mag sulat ng mga critical at embarassing articles re pidal and arroyo’s corruption and abuse of power.

Avatar

Abe N. Margallo

September 21st, 2006 at 11:12 pm

It is shameless for the Arroyos to employ SLAPP (short for “strategic lawsuits against public participation”) suits to mute critics.

Citizens who are dragged into SLAPP harassments seldom lose in court if they fight back but they are stigmatized in the short-term while stemming others from joining their or similar cause. SLAPPers attain their goals by forcing critics to spend considerable amounts of time, money and other resources defending their fundamental rights to speak out on public issues and to petition the government for redress of grievance.

Sec. 425.16. of California Code of Civil Procedure (http://casp.net/cal425.html) is one good model for this legal reform.

Avatar

Abe N. Margallo

September 21st, 2006 at 11:21 pm

SLAPP tactics are undemocratic and anti-people power. Therefore, I’ll go as far as . . . if there is any constitutional reform that should be seriously considered today, one of them should be the prohibition of SLAPPs that the Arroyos are making the most of as staple arsenal of political vendetta versus the Filipinos’ basic right to hold their leaders accountable.

Avatar

Alecks Pabico

September 22nd, 2006 at 8:47 am

Hi Abe, it’s been a long while. Welcome back!

Avatar

joselu

September 22nd, 2006 at 4:13 pm

it’s a free world, where in the world is it written that journalist can’t be sued for libel!!!!!
what defence doe citizens have to protect themselves from the abuseses of media/journalist.
are you saying media people can’t be wrong & can do no wrong?
personaly, i think that insted of just thinking of individual rights, why not also remember that there is such a thing as “responsibilities” & “consequences”.
there are many journalist around who don’t get sued compared to the few who do get sued.
why?
does not media also have ‘bad apples” in thier ranks too?
people who demand to much freedom also deny other people their freedom & rights too.

Avatar

jester-in-exile

September 22nd, 2006 at 5:20 pm

nowhere, joselu, is libelous print nor slanderous speech condoned.

it’s only that libel is a criminal offense — something many fools and idiots agree to and many craven opportunists take advantage of.

Avatar

ocayvalle

September 22nd, 2006 at 8:31 pm

that fatman is maintaining a law firm the villaraza angcanco law and other sattelite law offices..their job is to protect fatman of all his illegal acts,from jueteng,smuggling,human trafficking and other corruption in the goverment!such a greedy and evil man..

their downfall is just around the corner..so let us all filipino people here and around the world unite and pray for the good of this country,that they be oust soon the nearest!!
mabuhay po ang pilipinas

Avatar

naykika

September 22nd, 2006 at 9:35 pm

I think it’s about time to think decriminalizing the libel and slander and make it a civil offense. That way the contest is between the plaintiff and the defendant and the complainant would not be taking advantage of the taxpayers’ money by using the services of the public prosecutors while it is a criminal offense and also when the plaintiff is proven wrong the court may award the defendant the legal cost or may even consider a counter suit. The reason why the only person suing journalists and writers here is Sir Conrad Black, for exposing his frauds and now he is in Big trouble because the U.S. Federal Prosecutor is charging him for Frauds.

Avatar

scud_1975

September 22nd, 2006 at 9:49 pm

Gloria and the Genie

Gloria was walking along the beach in Guimaras when she stumbled upon a Genie’s lamp. She picked it up and rubbed it and lo-and-behold, a Genie appeared. Gloria was amazed and asked if she got three wishes.

The Genie said, “Nope…Due to inflation, high unemployment rate, low wages, and fierce global competition, I can only grant you one wish. So…What’ll it be?”

Gloria didn’t hesitate. She said, “I want to be remembered for bringing peace to the Philippines, I want to be remembered for bringing back order. See this map? I want the NPAs and Soldiers in Sierra Madre and Muslim insurgents vs Soldiers in Mindanao to stop fighting with each other.”

The Genie looked at the map of the Mindanao and Sierra Madre and exclaimed, “Jeez, Fella! These people have been at war for decades. I’m good, but not THAT good. I don’t think it can be done. Make another wish.”

Gloria thought for a minute and said, “You know, people really don’t like my husband. They think he’s mean, ugly, fat and taking advantage for being the President’s husband. I wish for him to be the most handsome man in the world and I want everybody, politicians, writers, editors, journalists,common people, to like him. That’s what I want.”
The Genie let out a long sigh and said, “Lemme see that map again.”

Avatar

Abe N. Margallo

September 23rd, 2006 at 11:06 pm

The “rotten apple” analogy is in fact the rationale for the right to speak out freely deserving a preferred stand in the marketplace of ideas. It has to be so because free speech is also a necessary component of “political sovereignty” – or the power of the people as the source of political authority – to retain control over the leaders they have chosen to manage the affairs of the community. A rotten idea, the thesis goes, attracts no adherents and eventually it putrefies by itself to oblivion.

For example, if someone posting in PCIJ would do so to heckle at the President all for the sake of heckling, it will probably not be worth the trouble for a presidential rooter to react to the post. But if there’s any grain of logic or truth to the commentary that may linger in the public mind, refutations of various shades from supporters and flunkies alike are quickly let loose. It’s fair enough maybe. For partisans see to it their version of the image or position of their bets gets the coverage and attention in the marketplace. So too scrutiny of public figures initiated by individuals – journalists, activists, ordinary citizens or hecklers for that matter who may not have the deep resources of an organized media to fight the fat man.

The powers that be must not be too thin-skinned even to disparaging or infuriating criticisms especially if the goal of the exercise is ultimately to agitate for political action or institutional changes or, paraphrasing Justice Malcolm, to serve as scalpel to relieve the abscesses of officialdom.

Avatar

jester-in-exile

September 25th, 2006 at 1:19 pm

from abe’s very erudite comment (kudos, abe):

For example, if someone posting in PCIJ would do so to heckle at the President all for the sake of heckling, it will probably not be worth the trouble for a presidential rooter to react to the post. But if there’s any grain of logic or truth to the commentary that may linger in the public mind, refutations of various shades from supporters and flunkies alike are quickly let loose.

this goes to show that joselu’s putrefacent use of the “rotten apples” analogy is far more appropriate for the cheat executive’s rah-rah people, simply sycophants for the sake of sycophancy. perhaps justice would be better served if and when GMA and her army of sycophants (both in and out of government) be charged with perjury and obstruction of justice, what with the statements of “you cannot prove anything” (considering how venues to prove wrongdoing are systematically dismantled) and “we have to move on for the good of the country” (when the only beneficiaries of moving on are the corrupt courtiers of the usurper queen currently squatting in malakanyanayan palace).

Avatar

jester-in-exile

September 25th, 2006 at 1:28 pm

jr_lad,

speaking of how much mike a. is spending to sue people for libel, an old pugad baboy strip comes to mind:

senator usurpo cabalfin, in a fit of pique, is about to sue someone for libel, over allegations of the misuse of his pork barrel funds. his assistant asks him from where they’d get the money to spend for filing the libel suit.

answer? from the pork barrel, of course.

sounds familiar? switch senator cabalfin with somebody else, switch pork barrel funds with fertilizer funds, and you get the picture.

Avatar

short_talk

September 26th, 2006 at 12:06 pm

besides, IMHO as public figures, media are always on the lookout for any possible news that they can relay to the public. take the case of melanie marquez, she`s always attracting the media because of her unusual antics in answering the questions thrown at her. if you are a “balat sibuyas”, don`t ever be a public figure. miriam santiago is one fine example of a “makapal ang mukha”; at the height of the impeachment of then pres. erap she said she`d jumped off the plane, at her son`s wake meanwhile she told the journalists gathered around that she`s taking a leave from politics and would just concentrate on her family, alas, neither of the two happened. she even combined with another great liar who told the media that she won`t be running for the 2004 presidential elections.

Avatar

jr_lad

September 28th, 2006 at 12:40 pm

mahirap talaga kalabanin etong si mike arroyo aka jose pidal. tingnan nyo na lang etong nangyari sa mga tulfo brothers. hindi lang dinemanda tinanggalan pa ng kabuhayan. si mon tulfo naging maamong tupa. hindi niya pa naranasan eto sa mga nakabangga niya noon kabilang na si panfilo lacson. tingin ko nga mukhang bibigay na si tulfo sa harap ng camera. sabi niya pa nga kay korina, hindi niya inaasahan na ganito katindi ang magiging aksyon ni pidal laban sa kanya. pati mga kapatid niya ay nadamay din. sa takot ng pamunuan ng rpn 9 sa malacanang, tinigok lahat ang magkapatid.

ang maganda yung sinabi ni mareng winnie ng mag-guest si mon tulfo sa mare-pare. ang punto ng mensahe niya para kay jose pidal ay: “kung merong mang nagawang pagkakamali laban sa yo yung tao, karapatan mo na idemanda eto para mailabas ang katotohanan. pero huwag mo nama etong tanggalan ng kabuhayan. yan ay malinaw na abuso na sa kapangyarihan.”

sang-ayon talaga ako sa mga sinabi ni mareng winnie. etong mag-asawang pidal ay matagal ng nag-aabuso sa kapangyarihan. dapat mag-ala thaksin na etong mga taksil ng bayan. TAMA NA. SOBRA NA. PATHAKSIKIN NA.

Avatar

INSIDE PCIJ » Tordesillas, Tatad reinstated in Mike Arroyo libel case

October 16th, 2006 at 4:58 pm

[…] Arroyo has filed libel charges against 43 Filipino journalists. […]

Avatar

Arrest warrant out for Philippine newspaper publisher, staff « southeast asian press alliance

October 18th, 2006 at 9:42 am

[…] Jose Miguel Arroyo, husband of Philippine president Gloria Arroyo, has in recent months filed libel cases against 43 reporters, columnists, editors and publishers of various publications. A lawyer himself, Mr. Arroyo is shrewd and calculating in his exploitation of libel laws in the Philippines, a leading human rights lawyer has pointed out. Related to this, more than 600 journalists and 30 local and foreign media organisations, including the Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility (CMFR) and SEAPA, have supported a petition drafted by the National Union of Journalists of the Philippines calling for the decriminalization of libel in the country. […]

Avatar

Filipino journalists ready suit vs President’s husband for abuse of power and undermining press freedom « southeast asian press alliance

November 22nd, 2006 at 5:35 pm

[…] In recent months, Mr. Arroyo has filed libel cases against 43 reporters, columnists, editors and publishers of various publications. A complete list of the cases is provided and updated by one of the journalist-defendants, Ellen Tordesillas, here. A lawyer himself, Mr. Arroyo was shrewd and calculating in his exploitation of libel laws in the Philippines, Theodore Te, a leading human rights lawyer has pointed out. Related to this, more than 600 journalists and 30 local and foreign media organisations, including the Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility (CMFR) and SEAPA, have supported a petition drafted by the National Union of Journalists of the Philippines calling for the decriminalization of libel in the country. […]

Avatar

INSIDE PCIJ » Journalists to sue Mike Arroyo

November 22nd, 2006 at 11:26 pm

[…] Forty-two out of the 43 journalist facing libel charges filed by Arroyo are filing a class-action civil suit. They are also seeking cash damages. […]

Avatar

southeast asian press alliance » Blog Archive » Filipino journalists ready suit vs President’s husband for abuse of power and undermining press freedom

December 1st, 2006 at 7:28 pm

[…] Forty-two journalists charged in a rash of libel cases filed by the husband of Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo have signed on to a civil class suit against “First Gentleman” Miguel “Mike” Arroyo, alleging abuse of power and violation of press freedom. GMANews reports that the journalists are poised to seek damages of P87 million (nearly US$1.75 million), “a symbolic amount of one peso for every Filipino.” “The Filipino public is represented here because it is the public which suffers most when there is no press freedom,” lawyer Harry Roque, the journalists’ legal counsel, told a forum at the University of the Philippines. In recent months, Mr. Arroyo has filed libel cases against 43 reporters, columnists, editors and publishers of various publications. SEAPA and one of its founding members in the Philippines, the Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility, are supporting the action to defend press freedom in the Philippines. A complete list of the cases is provided and updated by one of the journalist-defendants, Ellen Tordesillas, here. A lawyer himself, Mr. Arroyo was shrewd and calculating in his exploitation of libel laws in the Philippines, Theodore Te, a leading human rights lawyer has pointed out. Related to this, more than 600 journalists and 30 local and foreign media organisations, including the Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility (CMFR) and SEAPA, have supported a petition drafted by the National Union of Journalists of the Philippines calling for the decriminalization of libel in the country. The journalists said that should they win their counter-suit against Mr. Arroyo, all proceeds will be used to set up a trust fund to advance local journalism. The complaint is expected to be formally filed in the last week of November. “It is now time to do something apart from protesting Arroyo’s libel suits,” Luis Teodoro, board member of the Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility (CMFR), a founding member of the Southeast Asian Press Alliance. […]

Avatar

southeast asian press alliance » Blog Archive » Filipino journalists ready suit vs President’s husband for abuse of power and undermining press freedom

December 1st, 2006 at 7:29 pm

[…] Forty-two journalists charged in a rash of libel cases filed by the husband of Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo have signed on to a civil class suit against “First Gentleman” Miguel “Mike” Arroyo, alleging abuse of power and violation of press freedom. GMANews reports that the journalists are poised to seek damages of P87 million (nearly US$1.75 million), “a symbolic amount of one peso for every Filipino.” “The Filipino public is represented here because it is the public which suffers most when there is no press freedom,” lawyer Harry Roque, the journalists’ legal counsel, told a forum at the University of the Philippines. In recent months, Mr. Arroyo has filed libel cases against 43 reporters, columnists, editors and publishers of various publications. SEAPA and one of its founding members in the Philippines, the Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility, are supporting the action to defend press freedom in the Philippines. A complete list of the cases is provided and updated by one of the journalist-defendants, Ellen Tordesillas, here. A lawyer himself, Mr. Arroyo was shrewd and calculating in his exploitation of libel laws in the Philippines, Theodore Te, a leading human rights lawyer has pointed out. Related to this, more than 600 journalists and 30 local and foreign media organisations, including the Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility (CMFR) and SEAPA, have supported a petition drafted by the National Union of Journalists of the Philippines calling for the decriminalization of libel in the country. The journalists said that should they win their counter-suit against Mr. Arroyo, all proceeds will be used to set up a trust fund to advance local journalism. The complaint is expected to be formally filed in the last week of November. “It is now time to do something apart from protesting Arroyo’s libel suits,” Luis Teodoro, board member of the Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility (CMFR), a founding member of the Southeast Asian Press Alliance. […]

Avatar

INSIDE PCIJ » Press freedom under threat

March 8th, 2007 at 9:32 pm

[…] Arroyo’s husband, First Gentleman Mike Arroyo, has filed similar suits against 46 journalists, prompting media groups to call on Mr. Arroyo and the President to stop harassing journalists and using “an antiquated libel law as a tool to silence criticisms.” Mike Arroyo has sought a total of P141 million in damages. […]

Avatar

INSIDE PCIJ » Mike Arroyo drops all libel cases vs journalists

May 3rd, 2007 at 6:53 pm

[…] Doctors advised him to avoid stressful activities, as he will continue to undergo cardiac therapy. Arroyo had filed more than 50 libel cases against 46 journalists. […]

Avatar

Jinggoy: No imprisonment for libel « The Online Beat

July 1st, 2012 at 7:21 pm

[…] decriminalization in the country heightened in 2006 when former first gentleman Mike Arroyo filed aflurry of libel cases against 43 journalists. Share this:TwitterFacebookLike this:LikeBe the first to like […]

Comment Form